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7.19
A greater explanation of radioactivity
  It is now well known that there are certain "packages" of sub-atomic particles that are both useful and harmful to humans.  
  That certain heavier elements (such as elements that have an atomic number of 93 or more) spontaneously give off small packages of particles dangerous in high doses to humans, is also now understood. However what is less well understood is that the basis of all energis transfer is based on the exchange of particle "packages".  
  We therefore see some significant confusion of language in contemporary physics when we use the words radiate, radiation, radioactivity, specifically when defining the differences in respect to particle packages leaving a structure and describing: o the size of particle packages o the configuration and nature of different particle packages o their reaction to other structures and their relative behaviour.  
7.19.1 The origins of the words radiate, radiation, radioactive  
  The words radiate, radiation and radioactive are all derived from the Latin word radius- meaning a spoke of a wheel. The word radius was later shortened to the word ray- meaning quite literally "ray".  
  Around 1649 the word radiate was coined to describe the emission of rays of light and heat and then the word "radiation" meaning the quality of actually emitting rays of light and heat. Then around 1896, the word was used to describe the emission of X rays or the rays characteristic of radioactive substances.  
  The word "radioactive" was also coined around the same time (around 1900) for the new definition for radiation. Radioactive means quite literally the ability to spontaneously emitting rays consisting of material particles traveling at high velocities.  
  What is interesting about the history of usage of the words radiation and radiate is that 349 years ago, the words had much broader meanings that in fact were more accurate that the definition of the words today. That all atomic structures exchange energis particles in some way means that all atomic structures in the Universe are radioactive in some way. It is merely a question of how radioactive they are, under what conditions and what they release.  
  Let us therefore clear up and redefine a more accurate and useful definition of the words radiation and radioactive in the context of understanding the behaviour of the sub-atomic and atomic particle worlds.  
7.19.2 The differences we need to identify  
  In any re-definition of radiation, we need to recognize a range of important characteristics:  
 

All atomic structures exchange energis particles;

All more complex arrangements of atomic structures eventually exchange or lose atomic structures (e.g. hydrogen atoms leaving, or arriving);

Some more complex atomic structures release smaller energis particles as well as bundles of particles that are unstable. These are similar in many ways to bundles of sub-atomic particles that are released by stars.

 
  We need to make clear the distinctions between the release of larger ergon particles and smaller particles as well as the release of stable structures and unstable structures.  
7.19.3 Radioactive, Radiation, Ergoactive, Ergoation and Entropy  
  In describing the exchange and loss of particles from a structure, we now introduce a pair or new words.  
 
Ergoation We now define all exchange of ergon particles of hetons, photons, electrons and magnetons as ergoation- after the Greek word ergo- to do work. As all atomic level particle structures have some of the ergon particles mentioned built in, we say that all atomic level structures show signs of ergoation in varying degrees.
Ergoate We define this as the action of exchanging and/or losing any ergon particles including photons, hetons, magnetons and/or electrons.
Ergoactive We define substances that are ergoactive as having the quality of spontaneously releasing the specific ergon particles mentioned under certain conditions.
Radiation We now define radiation as the loss and/or exchange of unstable particle packages including gamma particle packages, X-ray particle packages, protoactive particles, neutroactive particles, microwave particles and radio wave particles.
Radiate We define this as the action of exchanging and/or losing any unstable sub-atomic particle package (as mentioned earlier).
Radioactive We define substances that are radioactive as having the quality of spontaneously releasing specific unstable sub-atomic particle packages mentioned under certain conditions.
Entropy Entropy is the behaviour of a structure losing sub-atomic component parts and not having them replaced. This includes the process of Ergoation as well as Radiation and Hydrogen exchange (chemical reactions).
 
  With these clearer definitions, we can now move forward and focus on understanding more about those substances that are radioactive.  
     
 
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